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Hickory

Carya ovata
Also known as: Shagbark Hickory, True Hickory
DomesticAffordable
Janka Hardness
1,880 lbf
8.4 kN
Density
811 kg/m³
3.4 lbs/bf
Grain
Straight, occasionally wavy; coarse texture
Texture: Coarse
Figure
Dramatic sapwood/heartwood contrast; occasional rustic figure
Drying
Difficult
Movement: Significant
Origin
Eastern North America
Juglandaceae
Plain-Language Guide

Hickory is genuinely one of the toughest woods on the planet — harder than white oak, harder than hard maple, and with shock resistance that nothing else touches at this price point. That same toughness means it will destroy dull tools, burn under slow feed rates, and move more than you expect after drying. It's not a beginner wood, but it's the right wood when you need something that won't break.

Common Mistakes
  • Running hickory with dull tooling — it burns faster than almost any domestic hardwood and will ruin a surface in seconds with a dull blade or bit
  • Skipping pre-drilling — hickory is hard enough to split dramatically if you drive fasteners without pilot holes
  • Ignoring the sapwood/heartwood contrast — some woodworkers try to sort for all-heartwood stock, but the contrast is a signature aesthetic; lean into it
Color & Appearance
Heartwood
Sapwood

Tan to medium brown heartwood with a dramatic contrast to the nearly-white sapwood. Both heartwood and sapwood are commonly used together, and the high contrast is often considered a design feature rather than a defect. Darkens slightly with age.

Workability
Hand Tools
Fair
Machine Tools
Fair
Gluing
Easy
Finishing
Moderate
Turning
Not typically used
Carving
Not typically used

The hardest and heaviest common domestic hardwood. Blunts tools quickly — sharp carbide is mandatory. Burns under router bits and saw blades at slow feed rates. The same shock resistance that makes it ideal for tool handles makes it punishing to work. Pre-drill all fasteners. Worth every bit of effort for applications where toughness is the priority.

Global Availability
RegionAvailability
North AmericaWidely available
EuropeRegional / select dealers
Australia / NZSpecialty importers only
Southeast AsiaSpecialty importers only
South AmericaSpecialty importers only
Africa / Middle EastSpecialty importers only
Health & Safety
Allergen Risk
Low
CITES Status
None
Notes
Generally considered non-toxic. Minor respiratory irritation from dust possible.
Common Uses
Tool handles Sporting goods (bows, lacrosse sticks) Ladder rungs Flooring Furniture Smoking wood
Sustainability: Abundant in native range. Not threatened.