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Cumaru

Dipteryx odorata
Also known as: Brazilian Teak, Tonka Bean, Southern Chestnut
Exotic / ImportedPremiumFSC Available
Janka Hardness
3,540 lbf
15.7 kN
Density
1080 kg/m³
4.5 lbs/bf
Grain
Interlocked
Texture: Fine
Figure
Ribbon stripe from interlocked grain
Drying
Slow; similar challenges to ipe
Movement: Small
Origin
Northern South America
Fabaceae
Plain-Language Guide

Cumaru is the practical ipe alternative — nearly identical in hardness, density, and rot resistance, but sometimes more available and marginally less expensive. For exterior decking and structural outdoor work, the same rules apply as ipe: pre-drill everything, use carbide, wipe with solvent before any adhesive or finish, and expect it to last decades outdoors. The fresh-cut smell of coumarin (vanilla-like, the same compound in tonka beans) is a pleasant surprise in the shop. If your supplier is out of ipe, cumaru is not a compromise.

Common Mistakes
  • Not pre-drilling every fastener — it splits without pilot holes
  • Skipping the solvent wipe before finishing — natural oils block adhesion
  • Treating it as significantly inferior to ipe — the performance difference in real applications is minimal
Color & Appearance
Heartwood
Sapwood

Tan to reddish-brown heartwood with subtle figuring. Quite similar to ipe in density and working properties. Fresh-cut has a sweet, vanilla-like aroma from coumarin (same compound as tonka beans). Sapwood is pale and clearly demarcated.

Workability
Hand Tools
Poor
Machine Tools
Fair
Gluing
Difficult
Finishing
Moderate
Turning
Not typically used
Carving
Not typically used

Nearly as hard and dense as ipe — all the same working challenges apply. Pre-drilling mandatory. Carbide essential. Natural oils interfere with adhesives; wipe with solvent before gluing or finishing. Often used as a more readily available, slightly lower-cost alternative to ipe for exterior decking.

Global Availability
RegionAvailability
North AmericaSpecialty importers only
EuropeSpecialty importers only
South AmericaWidely available
Australia/NZSpecialty importers only
AsiaSpecialty importers only
AfricaRare / not commonly imported
Health & Safety
Allergen Risk
Moderate
CITES Status
None
Notes
Dust can cause skin and respiratory irritation. Use protection. None significant for woodworking (coumarin aroma compound is safe in wood exposure)
Common Uses
Exterior furniture Tool handles Marine applications
Sustainability: Not CITES listed. Seek FSC-certified or documented sustainable sourcing.