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American Holly

Ilex opaca
Also known as: White Holly, Christmas Holly
DomesticPremium
Janka Hardness
1,020 lbf
4.5 kN
Density
640 kg/m³
1.12 lbs/bf
Grain
Fine, irregular
Texture: Very fine
Figure
Minimal figure — valued almost exclusively for its near-pure whiteness
Drying
Hard
Movement: Large
Origin
Eastern US; scattered distribution in coastal plain and Piedmont forests
Aquifoliaceae
Plain-Language Guide

Holly is used almost exclusively for one thing: its remarkable whiteness. It is the brightest, most neutral-white wood available and is in a category by itself for inlay stringing, marquetry, and any application where you genuinely need true white. The critical challenge is that freshly cut holly discolors quickly — turning gray or blue-gray if not handled correctly. End-seal immediately after cutting, dry slowly, and work quickly after machining. Expect small, defect-laden material.

Common Mistakes
  • Letting freshly cut or freshly machined holly sit without sealing — it goes gray within hours in poor conditions
  • Expecting large, clear boards; holly is a small-diameter tree with frequent defects
  • Using it where any light wood would do — save it specifically for applications that genuinely need the white color
Color & Appearance
Heartwood
Sapwood

Nearly pure white to ivory — one of the whitest woods in the world. Barely any distinction between heartwood and sapwood. Discolors to blue-gray if dried improperly. Color must be protected from UV with appropriate finish.

Workability
Hand Tools
Good
Machine Tools
Good
Gluing
Easy
Finishing
Moderate
Turning
Suitable
Carving
Suitable

Works well with sharp tools. Very fine, even texture carves and turns cleanly. Must be finished promptly after machining to prevent oxidation discoloration. UV-stabilizing finish helps preserve the white color long-term.

Global Availability
RegionAvailability
United StatesSpecialty importers only
CanadaRare / not commonly imported
EuropeRare / not commonly imported
AustraliaRare / not commonly imported
Health & Safety
Allergen Risk
Low
CITES Status
None
Notes
Generally non-irritating. Standard dust precautions apply. Berries are toxic if ingested — not a woodworking concern but worth noting.
Common Uses
Inlay Turning Carving Marquetry Small decorative objects Musical instruments
Sustainability: Small, scattered, non-commercially significant. Supply is limited by the difficulty of obtaining quality material of any size. No conservation concerns.