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African Blackwood

Dalbergia melanoxylon
Also known as: Mpingo, Grenadilla, Mozambique Ebony
Exotic / ImportedPremiumCITES Protected
Janka Hardness
3,670 lbf
16.3 kN
Density
1270 kg/m³
5.3 lbs/bf
Grain
Straight to slightly interlocked
Texture: Very fine
Figure
Deep purple-black with occasional brownish streaks; similar to ebony
Drying
Slow; very prone to checking
Movement: Very small
Origin
Sub-Saharan Africa (Tanzania, Mozambique, Senegal)
Fabaceae
Plain-Language Guide

African Blackwood is the world's instrument-making wood — the standard material for professional clarinets, oboes, and uilleann pipes, where its exceptional density and dimensional stability in the instrument bore are unmatched. Outside instrument making, it's used for high-end small turned objects and inlay. Working it is brutally difficult: it's one of the hardest woods commercially available, dulls carbide rapidly, and its natural oils make gluing unreliable. CITES II documentation required. The Mpingo Conservation Project is worth supporting if you use this wood.

Common Mistakes
  • Buying without CITES documentation — all Dalbergia requires paperwork since 2017
  • Expecting standard carbide to stay sharp — it dulls faster than almost any other wood
  • Gluing without solvent prep — natural oils prevent adhesive from curing properly
Color & Appearance
Heartwood
Sapwood

Very dark purple-black to near-black heartwood. Distinguished from Gaboon Ebony by a slight purple-brown undertone. Sapwood is pale and strongly demarcated. The wood that defines fine woodwind instruments — clarinets, oboes, uilleann pipes.

Workability
Hand Tools
Poor
Machine Tools
Poor
Gluing
Difficult
Finishing
Easy
Turning
Suitable
Carving
Not typically used

One of the hardest and densest commercial woods. Extremely difficult to work — dulls even carbide rapidly. Natural oils make gluing challenging. Self-finishes to an exceptional surface. Used almost exclusively for woodwind instruments because its density and hardness produce superior acoustic properties and dimensional stability in instrument bores. CITES II as Dalbergia spp.

Global Availability
RegionAvailability
North AmericaSpecialty importers only
EuropeSpecialty importers only
South AmericaRare / not commonly imported
Australia/NZRare / not commonly imported
AsiaSpecialty importers only
AfricaSpecialty importers only
Health & Safety
Allergen Risk
High
CITES Status
Appendix II (all Dalbergia spp. since 2017 CoP17)
Notes
All Dalbergia spp. are sensitizers. Dust causes skin, respiratory, and eye reactions. Full protection always.
Common Uses
Woodwind instrument bodies (clarinets, oboes, bagpipes) Turning Knife handles Inlay Chess pieces Small decorative objects
Sustainability: IUCN Near Threatened. Slow-growing and overharvested for the instrument trade. The Mpingo Conservation Project works on sustainable management in Tanzania. Prefer certified sources.